Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine
Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine
Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine
Texas A & M University College of Veterinary Medicine.
This site demonstrates our approach to evidence based antimicrobial dosing. As such, you should expect that features may change and content will increase with time. Although we believe the current information to be accurate, it is NOT complete and should NOT be used as a guide to therapy at this time .
We encourage you to contact us with questions or comments.

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VADS Clinical Trials Reviews

Review Alms C; Efficacy of ceftiofur against respiratory diseases of veal calves. Dissertation : 1 - 146, 1988.
Review Alt DP;Zuerner RL;Bolin CA; Evaluation of antibiotics for treatment of cattle infected with Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar hardjo. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 219 5 : 636 - 639, 2001.
Review Amiridis GS;Fthenakis GC;Dafopoulos J;Papanikolaou T;Mavrogianni VS; Use of cefquinome for prevention and treatment of bovine endometritis.. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 26 5 : 387 - 390, 2003.
Review Anderson JF;Stowe CM;Werdin RE; A comparison of high level intratracheal saline lavage and conventional routes of antibiotic administration in the treatment of Acute Bovine Bacterial Pneumonia. Bovine Practitioner : 27 - 28, 1976.
Review Andrews JJ;Lucas TE;Johnson DD; Prevention and Control of Experimentally Induced Pasteurella multocida Pneumonia in Swine by the Use of Chlortetracycline Administered in Feed. Agri Practice 9 5 : 33 - 38, 1998.
Review Bane D; Efficacy of Pulmotil followed by Tylan for reducing prevalance of PRDC infected nursery pigs. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Veterinarians 32 : 243 - 245, 2001.
Review Bentley OE;Cummins JM; Efficacy of sulbactam, a beta-lactamase inhibitor, combines with ampicillin in the therapy of ampicillin-resistant pneumonic pasteurellosis in feedlot calves. Canadian Veterinary Journal 28 9 : 591 - 594, 1987.
Review Booker CW;Jim GK;Guichon PT; A field trial to determine the efficacy of long-acting oxytetracycline for reducing the treatment rate in aborted feedlot heifers. Canadian Veterinary Journal 33 : 397 - 399, 1992.
Review Breeze RG;McManus RF;Magonigle RA;Grimson RE;Stilborn RP;Howlett DD; Control of shipping fever in feedlot cattle with a long-acting oxytetracycline injectable. Bovine Practice 3 5 : 32 - 38, 1982.
Review Brown JR;Faulkner D;Cmarik G; The use of Liquamycin LA-200 in the prevention of the Bovine Respiratory Complex. Agri Practice 10 4 : 14 - 16, 1989.
Review Burch DG;Jones GT;Heard TW;Tuck RE; The synergistic activity of tiamulin and chlortetracycline: in-feed treatment of bacterially complicated enzootic pneumonia in fattening pigs. Veterinary Record 119 : 108 - 112, 1986.
Review Burch DGS; The Evaluation of Tiamulin by injection for the treatment of Enzootic pneumonia and mycoplasma arthritis in pigs. Proceedings of the International Pig Veterinary Society Congress chapter 3 : 117 - , 1984.
Review Burch DGS; The evaluation of a combination in-feed premix of tiamulin and chlortetracycline for the treatment of enzootic pneumonia and swine dysentery. Proceedings of the 8th International Pig Veterinary Society Congress 195 : - , 1984.
Review Cairoli F;Ferrario L;Carli S; Efficiency of oxytetracycline and tetracycline-benzydamine in the prevention of infection after placental retention in cattle. Veterinary Record 133 : 394 - 395, 1993.
Review Carlson AR;Rupe BD;Buss D;Homman C;Leaton J; Evaluation of a new prolonged-release sulfamethazine bolus for use in cattle. 71 5 : 693 - 695, 697, 1976.
Review Chenault JR;McAllister JF;Chester ST;Dame KJ;Kausche FM;Robb EJ; Efficacy of ceftiofur hydrochloride sterile suspension administered parenterally for the treatment of acute postpartum metritis of dairy cows. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 224 10 : 1634 - 1639, 2004.
Review Chung WB;Lin MW; Effect of ceftiofur and lincospectin alone or in combination for the control of combined infection of PRRS virus and Salmonella choleraesuis. 8 1 : 37 - 43, 1999.
Review Clark LK;Wu CC;Van Alstine WG;Knox KE; Evaluation of the effectiveness of a macrolide antibiotic on reduction of respiratory pathogens in 12-day and 21-day weaned pigs. Swine Health and Production 6 6 : 257 - 262, 1998.
Review Cowan TR; Comparison of Excenel given prophylactically or therapeutically and Polyflex given therapeutically for the treatment of bacterial pneumonia in nursery pigs, a case study. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Practitioners : 205 - 206, 1998.
Review Dassanayake L;White G; Effect of various oral dose levels of a trimethoprim/sulphadiazine mixture on Bordetella bronchiseptica infection and on the proliferation of trimethoprim-resistant faecal coliforms in pigs. Journal of Hygiene 90 1 : 41 - 47, 1983.
Review del Castillo JRE;Martineau GP;Hannon MR;Besner JG; Comparative pharmacokinetics and efficacy of Aureomycin chlortetracycline granular premix and an oxytetracycline premix against experimental pleuropneumonia in pigs. Proceedings of the 31st Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Practitioners 31 : 89 - 94, 2000.
Review Drillich M;Beetz O;Pfutzner A;Sabin M;Sabin HJ;Kutzer P;Nattermann H;Heuwieser W; Evaluation of a systemic antibiotic treatment of toxic puerperal metritis in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 84 9 : 2010 - 2017, 2001.
Review Drillich M;Pfutzner A;Sabin HJ;Sabin M;Heuwieser W; Comparison of two protocols for the treatment of retained fetal membranes in dairy cattle. Theriogenology 59 3-4 : 951 - 960, 2003.
Review George LW;Magonigle R;Weiss R; Comparison of two oxytetracycline formulations in the treatment of laboratory-induced pasteurellosis of pigs. American Journal of Veterinary Research 44 5 : 915 - 918, 1983.
Review Gifford GA;Potter AA;Babiuk LA; Clinical and pathological evaluation of sulbactam/ampicillin for treatment of experimental bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis. Canadian Veterinary Journal 29 2 : 142 - 148, 1988.
Review Giles CJ;Smith IM;Baskerville AJ;Oliphant J; Treatment of experimental Bordetella bronchiseptica infection in young pigs with potentiated sulphonamide in the drinking water. Veterinary Record 108 7 : 136 - 139, 1981.
Review Gorham PE;Carroll LH;McAskill JW;Watkins LE;Ose EE;Tonkinson LV;Merrill JK; Tilmicosin as a single injection treatment for respiratory disease of feedlot cattle. Canadian Veterinary Journal 31 12 : 826 - 829, 1990.
Review Gourlay RN;Thomas LH;Wyld SG;Smith CJ; Effect of a new macrolide antibiotic (tilmicosin) on pneumonia experimentally induced in calves by Mycoplasma bovis and Pasturella haemolytica. Research in Veterinary Science 47 1 : 84 - 89, 1989.
Review Grimshaw WT;Colman PJ;Weatherly AJ; The efficacy of sulbactam - ampicillin in the therapy of respiratory disease associated with ampicillin resistant Pasteurella species in housed calves. Veterinary Record 121 : 393 - 396, 1987.
Review Halbur P;Thanawongnuwech R;Brown G;Kinyon J;Roth J;Thacker E;Thacker B; Efficacy of antimicrobial treatments and vaccination regimens for control of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Streptococcus suis coinfection of nursery pigs. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38 3 : 1156 - 1160, 2000.
Review Hansen DE;Campbell CB;Boyle JM;Stefanides N;Whitsett D;Williams G; Comparison of ceftiofur with various antibiotic-sulfadimethoxine combinations for the treatment of undifferentiated bovine respiratory disease. Agri Practice 14 3 : 13 - 17, 1993.
Review Harker JW;Watkins LE; Pulmotil efficacy against porcine respiratory disease complex in a commercial swine herd practicing AI/AO pigflow. Proceedings of the 30th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Practitioners : 175 - 178, 1999.
Review Hoar BR;Jelinski MD;Ribble CS;Janzen ED;Johnson JC; A comparison of the clinical field efficacy and safety of florfenicol and tilmicosin for the treatment of undifferentiated bovine respiratory disease of cattle in western Canada. Canadian Veterinary Journal 39 : 161 - 166, 1998.
Review Hoflack G;Maes D;Mateusen B;Verdonck M;De Kruif A; Efficacy of tilmicosin phosphate (Pulmotil((R)) premix) in feed for the treatment of a clinical outbreak of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infection in growing-finishing pigs. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B-Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health 48 9 : 655 - 664, 2001.
Review Hunneman WA;Pijpers A;Lommerse J;Crauwels APP;Verheijden JHM; Prophylaxis of pleuropneumonia in pigs by in-feed medication with oxytetracycline and the subsequent transmission of infection. Veterinary Record 134 : 215 - 218, 1994.
Review Jackson JA;Davis GW;Harker JW;Bales SA;Katz TL;Lockwood PW; Comparative efficacies of florfenicol and ceftiofur in the treatment of naturally occurring swine respiratory disease. Proceedings of the 30th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Practitioners : 213 - 214, 1999.
Review Jackson JA;Moore C;Kirkwood R;Cegielski A;Berman R;Machell N;Katz TL;Lockwood PW; Efficacy of florfenicol administered intramuscularly in treating naturally occurring swine respiratory disease in Canada. Proceedings of the 31st Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Practitioners 31 : 209 - 210, 2000.
Review Janzen ED;Stockdale PHG;Acres SD;Babiuk LA; Therapeutic and prophylactic effects of some antibiotics on experimental pneumonic pasteurellosis. Canadian Veterinary Journal 25 2 : 78 - 81, 1984.
Review Jim GK;Booker CW;Guichon PT; A comparison of trimethoprim-sulfadoxine and ceftiofur sodium for the treatment of respiratory disease in feedlot calves. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research 33 : 245 - 250, 1992.
Review Johnson RJ; Efficacy of tiamulin in the treatment of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine. IPVS 5th Congress Proceedings : M. 25 - M. 26, 1978.
Review Kamminga M;Vernooy JC;Schukken YH;Pijpers A;Verheijden JH; The clinical recovery of fattening pigs from respiratory disease after treatment with two injectable oxytetracycline formulations. Veterinary Quarterly 16 4 : 196 - 199, 1994.
Review Keefe TJ;Christie GJ;Strom PW; Clinical efficacy of ampicillin trihydrate veterinary injection in cattle. 67 10 : 1135 - 1138, 1972.
Review Lechtenberg KF;Ewert K; The use of an Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae challenge model to determine the lowest appropriate dose of Enrofloxacin in pigs. Proceedings of the 28th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Practitioners : 157 - 159, 1997.
Review Lekeux P;Art T; Effect of enrofloxacin therapy on shipping fever pneumonia in feedlot cattle. Veterinary Record 123 : 205 - 207, 1988.
Review Lockwood PW;de Haas V;Katz T;Varma KJ; Clinical efficacy of florfenicol in the treatment of bovine respiratory disease in North America. : 31 - 36, 1998.
Review Luchsinger J;Chester S;Dame K; Effect of ceftiofur sodium sterile powder for treatment of naturally occurring swine respiratory disease. Proceedings International Pig Veterinary Society 11th Congress : 103 - , 1990.
Review Luque I;Tarradas C;Carrasco L;Torroella E;Artigas C;Perea A; Effectiveness of doxycycline in the prevention of an experimental infection with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in pigs. Journal of Veterinary Medicine B 47 6 : 445 - 451, 2000.
Review Magonigle RA;McManus RF;Davey LA;Raynaud JP;Breeze RG; Terramycin/LA for the control of bovine respiratory disease. 1 : 99 - 103, 1982.
Review Marsteller TA;Armbruster GA;Weldon WC; Pulmotil use to control porcine respiratory disease caused by pasteurella multocida in off-site nurseries. Proceedings of the 30th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Practitioners : 171 - 173, 1999.
Review Mateusen B;Maes D;Van Goubergen M;Verdonck M;De Kruif A; Effectiveness of treatment with lincomycin hydrochloride and/or vaccination against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae for controlling chronic respiratory disease in a herd of pigs. Veterinary Record 151 5 : 135 - +, 2002.
Review Meeuwse DM;Kausche FM;Hallberg JW; Effectiveness of a single intramuscular dose of ceftiofur hydrochloride for the treatment of naturally occurring bacterial swine respiratory disease. Journal of Swine Health and Production 10 3 : 113 - 118, 2002.
Review Mengelers MJB;Kuiper HA;Pijpers A;Verheijden JHM;Van Miert ASJP; Prevention of pleuropneumonia in pigs by in-feed medication with sulphadimethoxine and sulphamethoxazole in combination with trimethoprim. Veterinary Quarterly 22 3 : 157 - 162, 2000.
Review Merrill JK;Tonkinson LV; The effectiveness of Micotil for the treatment of Bovine Respiratory Disease. Bovine Practitioner 24 : 26 - 28, 1989.
Review Miller DJS;Stipkovits L; Comparative performance of various broad spectrum premix antimicrobials versus complex respiratory infections. Proceedings of the 28th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Practitioners : 165 - 174, 1997.
Review Moore GM;Basson RP;Tonkinson LV; Clinical field trials with tilmicosin phospate in feed for the control of naturally acquired pneumonia caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida in swine. American Journal of Veterinary Research 57 2 : 224 - 228, 1996.
Review Moore GM;Mowrey DH;Tonkinson LV;Lechtenberg KF;Schneider JH; Efficacy dose determination study of tilmicosin phosphate in feed for control of pneumonia caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in swine. American Journal of Veterinary Research 57 2 : 220 - 223, 1996.
Review Morck DW;Merrill JK;Gard MS;Olson ME;Nation PN; Treatment of experimentally induced pneumonic pasteurellosis of young calves with tilmicosin. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research 61 : 187 - 192, 1997.
Review Morter RL;Boyce JR;Amstutz HE; Treatment of bovine respiratory disease with erythromycin and amoxicillin. Bovine Practitioner 21 : 62 - 64, 1986.
Review Musser J;Mechor GD;Grohn YT;Dubovi EJ;Shin S; Comparison of tilmicosin with long-acting oxytetracycline for treatment of respiratory tract disease in calves. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 208 1 : 102 - 106, 1996.
Review Olson LB;Backstrom L; The effect of tilmicosin in minimizing atrophic rhinitis, pneumonia, and pleuritis in swine. Swine Health and Production 8 6 : 263 - 268, 2000.
Review Ose EE;Mackinnon JD; The comparative efficacy of tylosin, Macrocin and desmycosin for the control of respiratory mycoplamosis of piglets. Proceedings of the International Pig Veterinary Society Congress chapter 3 : 118 - , 1984.
Review Paradis MA;Vessie G;Merrill JK;Dick CP;Moore C;Charbonneau G;Gottschalk M;Higgins R;Mittal KR; Efficacy of tilmicosin phosphate in feed (Pulmotil, Elanco) for the prevention of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infection in swine. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Practitioners : 105 - 107, 1998.
Review Rao YS;Naidu KV;Kumar PR;Reddy TV; Evaluation of PGF2-alpha analog treatment with and without antibacterials in endometritis in crossbred cattle. Indian Veterinary Journal 78 : 352 - 354, 2001.
Review Reynolds WA;Davis WT;Maplesden DC; Effect of ampicillin on common disease of calves. 69 3 : 309 - 311,314, 1974.
Review Risk JE;Bentley OE; Efficacy of sulbactam, a beta-lactamase inhibitor, combined with ampicillin in the therapy of ampicillin-resistant pneumonic pasteurellosis in veal calves. Canadian Veterinary Journal 28 9 : 595 - 599, 1987.
Review Schipper IA;Kelling CL; Prophylactic use of antibiotics in preventing bovine respiratory disease complex. 69 11 : 1396, 1398 - 1401, 1974.
Review Schmitt CS;Halbur PG;Roth JA;Kinyon JM;Kasorndorkbua C;Thacker B; Influence of ampicillin, ceftiofur, attenuated live PRRSV vaccine, and reduced dose Streptococcus suis exposure on disease associated with PRRSV and S. suis coinfection. Veterinary Microbiology 78 1 : 29 - 37, 2001.
Review Schultz RA;Cue T;Anderson MD; Evaluation of tiamulin water medication in treatment for Hemophilus pleuropneumonia in swine. Veterinary Medicine Small Animal Clinician 78 : 1625 - 1627, 1983.
Review Schwartz KJ;Ewert KM; Clinical safety and efficacy study of enrofloxacin aministered as a single injection for the treatment and control of naturally occurring bacterial respiratory disease in pigs. Proceedings of the 31st Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Practitioners 31 : 103 - , 2000.
Review Stevens RD;Dinsmore RP;Cattell MB; Evaluation of the use of intrauterine infusions of oxytetracycline, subcutaneous injectons of fenprostalene, or a combination of both, for the treatment of retained fetal membranes. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 207 12 : 1612 - 1615, 1995.
Review Swenson GH;Vanhemelrijck J;Steffan J; Parenteral therapy of respiratory disease in calves with lincomycin-spectomycin antibiotic combination. 1 : 104 - 108, 1982.
Review Veenhuizen M;Underwood WJ; Management of nursery pig health with respiratory feed antibiotics. Large Animal Practice : 33 - 37, 1998.
Review Veenhuizen MF;Moore GM;Zimmermann AG; Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of Pulmotil for swine respiratory disease control. Proceedings of the 28th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Practitioners : 45 - 49, 1997.
Review Villani D; Control of porcine respiratory disease complex with Pulmotil and a commercial vaccine. Proceedings of the 30th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Practitioners : 179 - 182, 1999.
Review Wallgren P;Segall T;Morner AP;Gunnarsson A; Experimental infections with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in pigs - I. Comparison of five different parenteral antibiotic treatments. Journal of Veterinary Medicine B 46 4 : 249 - 260, 1999.
Review Yoo HS;Lee BJ;Chang BS;Lee YS;Park BK; Effect of enrofloxacin-Na against pathogens related to the respiratory and alimentary diseases in suckling and weanling piglets. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 63 1 : 67 - 72, 2001.
Review Zhou C;Boucher JF;Dame KJ;Moreira M;Graham R;Nantel J;Zuidhof S;Arfi L;Flores R;Neubauer G;Olson J; Multilocation trial of ceftiofur for treatment of postpartum cows with fever. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 219 6 : 805 - 808, 2001.
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